I've emailed a couple of places.... and have yet to hear back. Is this typical?
Absolutely typical - not just in the TEFL world but in Polish business culture in general. They usually ignore unsolicited emails; they're a bit better at answering if they've had some dealings with you already, but not always. A phone call is always better or ideally a face-to-face meeting. It's usually easier and quicker to get things done in Poland if you visit in person.
I want to find out what people had on their CVs when they landed their ESL jobs in Poland.
At entry level, it really varies. A lot of the places hiring just want cheap labour. They don't want to pay higher rates for more highly qualified or experienced people. To be honest if you're nice looking, whether male or female, with a pleasant personality that will be as important as what's on your CV.