To be fair, there are subjects that do require some rote memorization (times tables being a very simple example)
Sure, I don't mean that memorising stuff should be abolished completely. But there should be something besides that and there should be some reasonable balance.
Lets take physics, chemistry and biology classes, for example. I don't know if it's a norm, but I remember watching American films in which kids at school were doing cool stuff at those classes, experiments or even cutting dead frogs, doing projects, working in pairs or groups, etc. Not that I would like to cut a frog lol, but we weren't basically doing anything at those classes. Maybe it was due to poor school funding - I don't know. But how do you encourage kids to be scientists after such painfully boring, unpractical classes? Maybe it changed since my times - I hope so...
But cramming a bunch of stuff for a test is the opposite of learning.
And it takes a lot of time that could be used in a different way.
Process orientation... it works best with self-starters or those who can be turned into self-starters (not everyone by any means....)
Sorry, maf, but I don't know all this educational terminology... All I know is - making kids curious about the world and how it works and encouraging them to learn about it can't possibly be bad...