AdamKadmon
30 Apr 2010
Language / Having a really hard time with Polish cases [59]
Try A Grammar Of Contemporary Polish by Oscar E. Swan, page 327 - Uses of the Cases
KINDS OF CASE USES
There are too many possible noun-functions in sentences, and too few
Polish cases, for each noun-function to be associated with a specific case.
Instead, the same case may be used to express different functions, and dif-
ferent functions may be expressed not only by case-endings alone but also
with prepositions plus cases. By and large, prepositions serve to make general
case meanings more specific. As a rough characterization, one may dis-
tinguish among (a) "bare" or basic syntactic uses of cases; (b) governed uses
of cases, including especially uses after prepositions and verbs; (c) idiomatic
uses of cases, often figurative extensions of the basic case-use, used to express
adverbial ideas. For example, the Genitive case is used BASICALLY to express
noun-to-noun relationships, as in dom ojca house of father, father's house.
Additionally, the Genitive is GOVERNED (required) after certain prepositions
and verbs, as in bez wody without water-G, or s∏ucham muzyki I'm listening to
music-G. Finally, the Genitive occurs IDIOMATICALLY, as in the expressions of
dates; see pierwszego maja on the first of May.
You can find more detail in the book.
Try A Grammar Of Contemporary Polish by Oscar E. Swan, page 327 - Uses of the Cases
KINDS OF CASE USES
There are too many possible noun-functions in sentences, and too few
Polish cases, for each noun-function to be associated with a specific case.
Instead, the same case may be used to express different functions, and dif-
ferent functions may be expressed not only by case-endings alone but also
with prepositions plus cases. By and large, prepositions serve to make general
case meanings more specific. As a rough characterization, one may dis-
tinguish among (a) "bare" or basic syntactic uses of cases; (b) governed uses
of cases, including especially uses after prepositions and verbs; (c) idiomatic
uses of cases, often figurative extensions of the basic case-use, used to express
adverbial ideas. For example, the Genitive case is used BASICALLY to express
noun-to-noun relationships, as in dom ojca house of father, father's house.
Additionally, the Genitive is GOVERNED (required) after certain prepositions
and verbs, as in bez wody without water-G, or s∏ucham muzyki I'm listening to
music-G. Finally, the Genitive occurs IDIOMATICALLY, as in the expressions of
dates; see pierwszego maja on the first of May.
You can find more detail in the book.