JAROŃCZYK: The -czyk suggests patronymic ('son of...') origin. The root-word is Jeronim (dialectically Jaronim) which was Old Polish for Hieronim (Jerome), known in Poland since the 12th century.
All I could find (without launching a major research project) was that Brykcy was a name of Celtic origin known in Poland from the 12th century. It also appeared under the Latinised form Brukcjusz. It has generated a number of variant and derivative forms as well as surnmaes including:
ecymbalak TEDYS, TEDYŚ and TEDYSZ are all variant forms of the same name which probably goes all the way back to the Old German Theodoric. It has spawned such spin-offs throughout Europe as Dietrich, Derek, Dirk, Derrick, Dieter, Dirck, Rick, Ted, Teodorico, Thedric, Thedrick and Theodric.
SATKOWSKI: possible source - dialectal Old Polish verb satać (weep, wail loudly); possibly confusion with more common surname Sadkowski which is pronoucned identically (before 'k' 'd' sounds like a 't'). Sadkowski is a toponymic tag from places such as Sadkowice (Orchardsonville).
GONDOREK/GĄDOREK: most likely from old Polish dialectal verb gędzić/gądzić (to prattle, gab); probably originated as a nickname for an extremely talkative person or gossipmonger.
KUKURA: probably from kukurydza (formerly also kukuruza) = maize/sweet corn.
Looking into my Moravian grandmother's maiden name: Rozsypal. I haven't been able to find anything about the etymology of it in Czech, but the parts seem to look like Polish word particles for 'seed' and 'stick.' Does the way they are put together make sense in Polish? Thanks!
ROZSYPA£: this is a verb-derived name derived from the verb rozsypać (to spill a dry substance such as flour, sand, poppyseeds, sugar, salt, &c.). Polish has a separate verb for spilling liquids: rozlać. Maybe it arose as a nickname for some clumsy butterfingers who routinely spilt whatever he laid his hands on.
JAGIELNICKI: basic root-word jagły (millet groats); it migth have been that somone who grew or traded in (or was epseiclaly fond of eating) millet got nicknamed jagielnik. The adjectival Jagieljnicki form could have been a patronymic tag given to his son. Or, alternatively, it could have come from a toponymic source, a locality such as Jagielniki.
STOLARZ: occupational nickname = cabinet-maker, fine carpenter ( as opposed to cieśla - rough carpenter).
KURYLUK: from Ruthenian first name Kirił or Kuryło (Cyril); patronymic meanign Cyril's son.
Wrong! Polish, German, English, French, Spanish, Italian, etc. surnames all originated for a reason. When the number of people with the same Chrsitian name in a given hamlet began to grow, there had to be a way to tell them apart, so they were given nicknames on the basis of their appearance, occupation, father or where they were from. And so the son of someone named Peter became Pietrzak in Poland, Peterson or Peters in England, Perez in Spain, di Pietro in Italy, du Pierre in France, Petersen in Scandinavia, Petrov in Russia, and so on. Eventually these evolved into surnames passed down from one generation to the next.
The number of people interested in finding out what their names orignally meant belies the contention that nobody cares because they're just names.
Poles are not American Indians, names are just names and nobody cares about their meaning.
In fact there are Polish surnames quite similar to Amerindian ones: Krzywonos (Crooked Nose), Paluch (Big Finger), Baranek (Little Ram)...
STARNOWSKI: most likely this originated as a toponymic tag to identify someone 'z Tarnowa', 'z Tarnówka' or similar which incidentally mean something like Sloeberryville.
KRAWCZYK: basic root = krawiec (tailor); -czyk is a patronymic ending so the whole thing originated to mean tailor's son, apprentice or helper.
SĄSIADEK: diminutive of sąsiad (neighbour), hence 'little neighbour' or possibly (patronymic) 'neighbour's son'.
BRULIŃSKI: Probably originated from German Brühl (marshy meadow). The noble Bruliński family linked to the Pierzchała clan founded the settlement of Brulino in NE Poland's £omża area.
How about this name: Osóbka ? A mischevious Polish boy told me it meant "little person," which can't be right becaue all of the men in my family are 6'5'' and 300 pounds!
OSÓBKA: (pronounced: aw-SOOB-ka) indeed is a diminutive form of osoba (person). However the diminutive in Polsih is usually an endearing form so it does not have the pejorative ring of the English 'little person' which may suggest small size as well as pettiness, narrow-mindedness or selfishness. Just as piesek (diminutive of pies) suggests a cute, little, happy doggie, so too Osóbka would most likely appear in such contexts as 'miła osóbka' (cute and/or nice person). It could have also originated in some cases as a toponymic nickname for someone from Osobowice (Personville) or similar.
LINKOWSKI: root-word lin (tench, freshwater fish species), specifically the diminutive linek; but -owski tells us this most likely originated as a toponmyic tag for an inhabitant of Linków or Linkowo.
Good point! That is a possibility indeed. Multiple name sources are quite common. Neither can a patronymic source be ruled out in thsi case. If, for instance, someone got nicknamed Linek or Linka (for whatever reason), his son could have been dubbed Linkowski by the locals to mean Linek's or Linka's boy.
STAJSZCZAK: possibly toponymic nick from the village of Staje; or topo-patronymic: someone got nicknamed Stajek because he lived in Staje; when he fathered a son, fellow-villagers called him Stajszczyk, Stajszczak or even Stajkiewicz. Also, a staja was an Old Polish measure of length equal to 134 metres.
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