Language / Polish Swear Words [1242]


Very corrupted indeed.
Sok-ra-men-ski = SAKRAMENCKI wordformed from SAKRAMENT = a sacrament, but shifted in meaning to the opposite i.e. devilish, disreputable, damned.

But what the hell, Hoo-ba-sa-ki means, I have no idea.

History / Piłsudski, like Hitler and Stalin (according to some Lithuanians) [144]


Everybody sell weapon to everybody. And it's better situation to know all strengths and weaknesses of your enemy's weapon. And what is better known than own production well tested on your firing range by your best soldiers.

Soviet soldiers in 1939 - were generally reported as dirty. But now, I suppose they have enough soap ;-)

However, if we look at current Russian external politics, we just must beware and not forget that there is no free media there to uncover mystifications and ignore redherrings.

History / Piłsudski, like Hitler and Stalin (according to some Lithuanians) [144]


What a ********. In Kosovo Serbians were just outperformed in the field of fertility and 'affection' to their heimat. The process lasted a few centuries, supported of course by barbarian Osman methods but only supported not made. And Italians added something to this misfortunate effects during WW2.

While in Abkhazia, was quite the opposite. There was centuries-long integration process between different regions of Sakartvelo. And in effect there were majority of Georgians there.

They were expelled during the civil wars in 1989 and lost in 1991/3 by the poet-president Zviad Gamsakhurdia.

You can compare it to the abstract situation when Russians supported Serbians to expel all Albanian speaking Kosovars from Kosovo in 1-3 years.

And if we're talking about Kosovo, I'm against de jure independency of this region. It should be administered under auspices of an international body or even one country (not Russia - of course, and not Albania or Turkey as well) - maybe Canada?

History / Piłsudski, like Hitler and Stalin (according to some Lithuanians) [144]


No, Seanus. There was one political nation of Poles-Lithuanians. They were fighting together against Muscovites in November and January Uprisings. Even the greatest early Lithuanian poet Baranauskas knew perfectly Polish and his greatest poem Anyksciu forest was a response to Mickiewicz's Pan Tadeusz. He also undersigned with his Polish version of the last name - Baranowski. And your guide in Wilno was just telling about their citizenship and loyalty to the state where they live, not about their ethnicity. You as a Scotsman with a Celtic nick should understand this small difference.

History / Piłsudski, like Hitler and Stalin (according to some Lithuanians) [144]


You're so funny Seanus with your russophile bias.
There were majority of Georgians in Abkhazia before 1989. Abkhazians were minority but granted by Soviets with over-representation in local authorities. Now almost all Georgians from Abkhazia are expelled and live in temporary camps in central Georgia, while most of Abkhazia is deserted. Almost all Abkhazians have Russian passports and South Ossetians as well.

South Ossetia is FSB-ruled mafia state similar to Transnistria with smuggling as main industry.
Invented to destabilize Georgia and to eliminate its prospects for NATO membership.

History / just before the war the Polish/Ukrainian szlachta learned Ukrainian [243]


Very well and prudently said.
May I add it to my book of golden maxims?

Genealogy / THE MEANING AND RESEARCH OF MY POLISH LAST NAME, SURNAME? [4501]


There are 1681 bearers of the last name Data: moikrewni.pl/mapa/kompletny/data.html

Quite a lot of them are from Rzeszów and Brzozów county and Stara Wieś is in Brzozów County in Poland.

You can try asking an entrepreneur of your last name making business in Stara Wieś:

"Chriscom" Firma Handlowo-Usługowa Krzysztof Data
Stara Wieś, ul. 554, tel. 13 4340882

Good luck and do trust in google a little ;-)

Genealogy / Szewczyk from Wara, Poland [6]


Spellings: Jakub Szewczyk, Anna Zofia Kocyło, Józef Kocyło, Sally Milczanowska.

Try to find out something more in parish:
Dydnia, św. Michała Archanioła i św. Anny
Dydnia 145, 36-204 DYDNIA
tel. +48 13 430 35 70

Dydnia in Brzozów county in Subcarpathian voivodship
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dydnia

Dydnia parish covered also villages of: Jabłonica Ruska, Jabłonka, Krzywe, Końskie, Krzemienna, Obarzym, Temeszów, Witryłów i Wydrna.

Genealogy / Bolak: My father was born in Lwow in 1914 - How can I trace his genealogy line? [3]

If your ancestor was a Roman Catholic, many parish records were saved and are in Warsaw in National Archives.
The most important is what was a parish of your great-grandparents. If you have any Church certificate (birth, marriage, death) - there must be a parish name on it.

If not try to google it or give the family name here and I try with google tricks.

History / just before the war the Polish/Ukrainian szlachta learned Ukrainian [243]


Official language of the Crown (Kingdom of Poland) was Latin, while in Grand Duchy of Lithuania - Old White Ruthenian sometimes called ruski or even litewski. In fact administration language in Lithuania was changed to Polish in XVII ie. earlier than in the Crown. However Polish language was used extensively even earlier but acts and records were written in Latin. Royal Prussia and Courland were using German and Latin, small principalities of Oswiecim and Zator recorded in Czech until 1560. Until 1590 there were also the Tribunal in £uck in Volhynia, which used Ruthenian.

Later in XVIII usage of Polish was getting more universal. Even Uniate Church was using Polish in administration while Old Church Slavonic in liturgy.

Genealogy / THE MEANING AND RESEARCH OF MY POLISH LAST NAME, SURNAME? [4501]


Maybe it was Zbyczyński - moikrewni.pl/mapa/kompletny/zbyczyński.html, which are now present in Southern Varmia.

History / just before the war the Polish/Ukrainian szlachta learned Ukrainian [243]


Poles and Ukrainians lived in one country for 500 hundreds years. They were neighbours in thousands of villages and cities. So they local idioms were convergent. Any educated person in the Commonwealth knew Polish (maybe with exception of some Germans) so many Ruthenians knew it. And all Poles who have some interest in communicating with Ruthenians knew Ruthenian as well. There were also many Polish speaking (especially Masovian) settlers deep in Ruthenia. So there were so many lines of bilateral linguistic contacts, that both languages have many borrowings from each other.

Poles from Podolia spoke dialect which used to incorporate many loan words and linguistic phenomena from Ruthenian. And the same with Ruthenian dialects of Podolia. However it was clearly visible (or better say audible) which dialect was spoken by your local interlocutor.

However literary languages Polish and Ukrainian tend to omit some evident features borrowed from neighbours - but fortunately not effectively enough.

Genealogy / Searching for grandfathers relatives-Wilcensky or Wilczewsky [6]


Try with census records also. Some of them are available on-line.

History / just before the war the Polish/Ukrainian szlachta learned Ukrainian [243]


How many centuries, Nathan?
Your national Ukrainian identity started in last decade of XVIII century and wasn't even completed as WW2 ended. With your anachronistic concepts of eternal Ukraine you never understand the past: Ukrainian past, Polish past and these part of the past which was common to both nations.


They were both the same - had completely NO scruples, but Stalin was mentally healthier, beheld further in future. Anyway they are both boiling in the same tar kettle in the Hell, I hope!

Language / Polish Swear Words [1242]

Cholera is often strengthened and sounds like Cholera jasna! or even Psiakrew! Cholera jasna!. It was a very common old exclamation of anger, irritation, disappointment, shock.

It originated from a bad wish to inlocutor: Niech cię [jasna|cięzka] cholera weźmie! what was meant to mean:Let cholera kills you!. Very nice wish, isn't it?

Now it is considered not strong enough and is replaced by heavier words.

Genealogy / Seeking information about the last name Lebida or Janus. [8]

JANUS is also a latinized form of Jan (John). Latinization of every name was very common in whole Europe, especially in Germany, but in Poland also.

Genealogy / Seeking information about the last name Lebida or Janus. [8]


You can start with ancestry.com and maybe some census databases. First you must ascertain when they entered USA.
There are 328 persons with Lebida family name in Poland today: [moikrewni.pl/mapa/kompletny/lebida.html. It looks like their origins are from Lesser Poland - environs of Mielec, Busko and Sandomierz.

And Janus? Janus is very common in Poland: over 11 thousand bearers now:

Genealogy / Searching for grandfathers relatives-Wilcensky or Wilczewsky [6]

Unfortunately, it could be difficult to find something more unless you find in immigration or census records you grandfather's place of birth. Have you tried with ancestry.com? They may misspelled it totally, so you probably should search with less strictly name pattern (mask).

In case it was Wilczeński, you have very few persons with such family name in Poland today: moikrewni.pl/mapa/kompletny/wilczeński.html

However with Wilczewski you can find quite a lot: moikrewni.pl/mapa/kompletny/wilczewski.html

But both names while are distant enough to be from quite another family - or these differences are production of an immigration officer. In this case information which form is closer to the original would be of great value.

Their names could be spelled in Poland as: Wilczeński, Wilczyński and Wilczewski

Genealogy / Rebizanty village - looking for info [5]

It looks like your village is very famous.

You can find something there: roztocze.net/7dni.php/11337

It was the place where Marshall Józef Piłsudski crossed the border between Russian occupation zone and Austrian one, when he was escaping from Russian captivity in 1901. And his guide was who? Mikołaj Rebizant.

PL: Na drugim brzegu Tanwi, na terenie prywatnej posesji, znajduje się głaz upamiętniający przekroczenie w tym miejscu w 1901 r. granicy zaborów przez J. Piłsudskiego. Można go obejrzeć po uzyskaniu zgody właściciela posesji - dojście od płd. strony rzeki. Przekroczenie granicy przez Piłsudskiego nastąpiło po jego ucieczce ze szpitala więziennego w Petersburgu. Pomocą służył włościanin Mikołaj Rebizant. Na tablicy przymocowanej do pomnika widnieje napis: "Tu w r. 1901 J. Piłsudski przekroczył granicę rosyjsko-austriacką stwierdzając, że niczem jest wraży kordon wobec potęgi ducha narodu polskiego". Głaz został ufundowany przez Państwowe Gimnazjum Męskie w Zamościu w 1936 r.

History / Poland is great Mother of all Slavs from Baltic to Balkan [177]


Zonk! Unfortunately, you missed the point. Ancient Greek knew the phonem B [bee]. It's only middle and modern Greek which changed pronunciation of the beta letter from beta to vita. The change must had been made after the Roman civilization emerged and before the Christianization of Russia ended, because you have ALPHABET in English and алфавит [awfaa-veet] in Russian.

History / Does Poland deserve credit for the 1989 Revolution? [87]


Investment proposal?
Maybe...

Language / Polish Swear Words [1242]


Interesting observation. However may I ask if you did eliminate class differences. I risk hypothesis that most of your Polish test sample was from proletariat while NYers and CAns from your sample were from mixed class with middle class prevalence.

My hypothesis is Poles are less cursing people than American when comparing adequate social classes but I have no idea how to prove it ;-)

History / Does Poland deserve credit for the 1989 Revolution? [87]


Don't be so angry. It was all Arminius's fault. It was him who kidnapped Segestes's daughter, Thusnelda and married her by force. Segestes had no options left. I don't like very deeply his style, but I can feel his emotions.

And Arminius... His emotions drove him to betray Romans, his friends, and to fight Segestes, which had better relations with them. Fighting Romans he was - in fact - striking his father-in-law.

One more melodrama with a woman in centre, which later was lifted up to the level of nation-liberating struggle.


I understand you irony. OK. Slavonic tribes not alone but under very instructive leadership of Huns and Avars. ;-)

Genealogy / THE MEANING AND RESEARCH OF MY POLISH LAST NAME, SURNAME? [4501]


Polonius generally is right but in this case I think that it's just a maiden family name of the wife. It was common practice to put maiden name when the family name is known from context.

So you could find in documents for example: Jan Schoenbaum i Tekla z Trzasków what means exactly: Jan Schoenbaum and Tekla Schoenbaum from family Trzaska.

Preposition "z" is shortened from "z domu" sometimes in latin "de domo" meaning "from house of".

There were many family names of German origin in Poland. Some of them were used by great Polish patriots and researchers like: Aleksander Brueckner (greatest Polish etymologist), Bogusław Linde (author of the first modern dictionary of Polish language), Krzysztof Szembek (primate of Poland), Emilia Plater (Polish woman-commander of the November Uprising in Lithuania).


Maybe I, since Polonius not responded earlier ;-)

KOBELKE looks like germanized Polish KOBY£KA meaning small mare or in plural KOBY£KI also grasshopper or locust.

KAUSCHKE looks also like germanized Polish or wider Slavonic diminutive. But it's not as obvious as the former. Diphthong AU could be equivalent of Slavonic U, so the original word could have sounded like KUSZKA or KUŚKA.

KUSZKA according to
books.google.pl/books?id=4XzRAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA1195&dq=kuszka+inauthor:linde&ei=HoWVS4SBOo3gyATokLDWBQ&cd=1#v=onepage&q=kuszka%20inauthor%3Alinde&f=false

Samuel Bogumił Linde (1808)
could mean:
1. a small box to hold sharpening stone (whetstone) to sharpen a blade (chine) of a scythe, it used to be bound to a mower's belt (description in German: ein hohler Zapfen mit Wasser, worin die Maeher den Senfenstein am Guertel haengen haben)

2. a small crossbow.
KUŚKA used to mean: 3. a penis ;-)
So, having in mind that your ancestors were most probably of peasant origin the most plausible etymology is whetstone holder not a knightly crossbow and not an obscene moniker as well.

The environment of Boleslauez later Bunzlau was gradually germanized from XIII to XVI century. But your ancestors could came from another part of Silesia.

Your line about religious persecution in 1840, which made your ancestors fled, interested me much. What was it all about? What was their denomination?

History / Does Poland deserve credit for the 1989 Revolution? [87]


I'd prefer Segestes. If only Varus had believed him, Germania would be a Roman province ending on Albis or even Viadrus and it would be Slavonic people who crushed the Empire.

History / just before the war the Polish/Ukrainian szlachta learned Ukrainian [243]


I haven't written his comment was communist. I've written he WAS a prominent communist journalist. So, in fact, I have no willingness to read him today. I can recall some of his deceitful comments from 80s. I have enough of him. I don't read him - the biggest revenge I want (and can) execute upon him.

If you actually predicted your reaction, so what is your post for? To expose my mental weakness? ;-)

My remark about Passent's cradle in Stanisławów was just a digression - in case you didn't know. Maybe you can consider, if he has some motives or sensitivities in his journalism common with Ukrainian journalists or opinion makers.

History / just before the war the Polish/Ukrainian szlachta learned Ukrainian [243]


Daniel Passent was a prominent communist journalist. He continues to be red and describes all from left wing perspective. His opinions aren't representative.

However he's your homey - as a Jewish survivor from Stanisławów - now Ukrainian Ivano-Frankiwsk.

History / just before the war the Polish/Ukrainian szlachta learned Ukrainian [243]

Thanks a lot, Nathan. It's your homework.

History / just before the war the Polish/Ukrainian szlachta learned Ukrainian [243]


Yes, because Polish villagers had no forces, only lives. And how many Germans and Soviets UPA eliminated comparing to the number of defenseless Polish peasants killed. I'm sure that the latter number was greater.


Yes, you did. Very effectively. You have your western regions almost totally wiped out of Poles. But we are talking about the methods. It cost your nation very much but you have your frontiers wider - almost 100% of your prewar nationalist plans. But it cost Poles living there few times more.


I think you should also try to look at your Cossack hero Chmelnickij (artful and outstanding but ruthless political player in his historical context) from the other perspective. His rebellion killed probably more Ruthenians than Polish forces did in response.

But - in any case - Poles are trying to choose your heros. There were many valuable figures which probably could qualify. Some even of Polish descent like Antonowycz, Hruszewśkij or even £ypynśkij and Szeptyckij. But it is, of course you choice. Poles know it, so don't try to say they don't. Poles are just angry when you build monuments for and make hero of guys who should be first denazified before putting them in school books.

History / just before the war the Polish/Ukrainian szlachta learned Ukrainian [243]


Far reaching parallel. I think there is some difference between free people movements or even colonization which lasts few hundred years and 50 years old accident at work.

However in 50 years the difference will weaken.