It's really an interesting question. I've been thinking for a while and can't give you one defined answer. Polish art is really diverse, although there are a few different styles that are quite characteristic for Poland or begun here.
One is a style emerged from the "Ruch" ("Movement") art group, inspired by the
traditional Slavic folklore art (I believe it's sometimes called "naive"?), especially from the Podhale region. Artists were simplyfying the shapes and using geometrical forms.
Władysław Skoczylas:
Zofia Stryjeńska:
The artists
Tamara £empicka, who emmigrated to USA, was very close with some members of that movement and that could be seen in her art:
The fantastic artist
Stanisław Szukalskiwas also inspired by folklore art:
Other than that, the surreal and/or symbolical movements became pretty popular here, at first thanks to the
Young Poland (Młoda Polska) movement and then mostly thanks to the so-called
Polish School of Posters (Polska szkoła plakatu) - google them for hundreds of examples.
Here's a great article about the Polish School of Posters, full of examples:
The Legacy Of Polish Poster Design
smashingmagazine.com/2010/01/17/the-legacy-of-polish-poster-design
My personal favourites are those leaning towards the more "realistic"/soft style of drawing (by that I mean - less geometrical), for example:
Wiesław Wałkuski:
Franciszek Starowieyski:
Those
surreal, sometimes disturbing tendencies were very common, just look at the more modern artists like:
Zdzisław Beksiński:
Tomasz Alen Kopera:
Dariusz Zawadzki:
Daniel Pielucha:
But going a bit back in time, I just have to mention the very popular scenes with horses - either with riders or harnessed to carriages. The
dynamics of lines and shapes was very important in them, regardless of the style!!!
Zygmunt Ajdukiewicz:
Józef Chełmoński:
Stanisław Kaczor-Batowski:
Wojciech Kossak:
Tadeusz Rybkowski:
Czesław Wasilewski (Zygmuntowicz):
Alfred Wierusz-Kowalski:
I could think of a few other typologies, if you're interested (I was studying art), but it's hard to focus on the drawing style
only. Maybe some other users noticed any other interesting tendencies.
