Can I do this without an address in Poland?
Yes, you can.
do I need to obtain a Pesel first?
Some banks require it, others don`t. You`d better check particular banks for requirements. Also, there are plenty of sites explaining basic issues.
migrapolis.pl/en/thematic-section/banks-and-financial-services/banks%E2%80%99-offer-for-foreigners
b2bpay.co/how-open-bank-account-poland
atozserwisplus.pl/blog/Bank-account