Hi, here in Poland there is no learners permit / provisional license. You just need your ID, karta pobytu / PESEL and a document from the doctors, just a general health check, cost me 50 zloty, then you can sign up for lessons. You can only be taught by a driving instructor, not like in US/UK were anyone with a few years on their license can teach you (as additional lessons of course)
Just go to a driving school and they will tell you everything. I passed my exam on Monday :) had to have an interpreter in the car with me but it didn't cause any problems.