History /
History of two Neighbors: Poland - Germany Interrelations [283]
I'm not sure fertility can be explained in measures of wealth only.
It's societal.... when women have more autonomy (and get a taste of life beyond babies and the kitchen) the birth rate drops. This applies even to Iran, during the Iran-Iraq war women kept the country going while the men were getting slaughtered and the birth rate afterward fell like a stone in water.
Compare westernized urban Turkey with sub-replacement rates with the non-westernized and non-urban Kurds....
This doesn't apply to Africa where Africans behave as they've always behaved while non-Africans moved heaven and earth to improve health conditions...
Not to mention rapid population growth is an all but certain precursor to war - Syria more than tripled its population in something like 70 years making self-destructive conflict all but inevitable (also see Yemen the only part of the Arabian peninsula capable of rapid population growth - which Saudi Arabia responds to by starting a war to kill off some of the surplus...