After graduating from the Wilno Gymnasium, Jozef Pilsudski continued his studies at Kharkov University (medical faculty). Already during his first year there, he was arrested multiple times for participating in revolutionary discussion groups. In 1887, he was finally charged with participating in the planning of the assassination of Emperor Alexander III. However, he was lucky, and he was soon downgraded from a suspect to a witness (still earning 5 years of exile in Siberia). Lenin's older brother Alexander Ulyanov and Pilsudski's older brother, Bronislaw, took part in this conspiracy as well. They were sentenced to death, but the emperor pardoned Bronislaw and replaced his death penalty with 15 years of hard labor on Sakhalin Island. Lenin's brother was, however, executed, and this is when a young Lenin vowed to destroy the Tsar and the Empire.
Below is a Polish produced "brochure", with a translation of his Russian arrest warrant.
pilsudksi.jpg