can / be able to vs may / be allowed to

Some help please.
I know can / be able to = móc. (In English, this is about your physical ability to go to the party - yes you can)

Do you also use móc for may / be allowed to, or is there another word. (In English, this is about whether your parents allow you to go - no, you may not)

I know that this is in a strict sense, and that the two words in english are sometimes used as synonyms, although it's not entirely correct.

the precise meaning of móc depends on the conetxt so it can be used to express the meaning of both.
There are other words which are more specific though:

potrafić - to be able too
wolno - is/was/will be allowed.

Wolno is kinda funny to explain. It probably can be translated as "it is allowed for [me, you etc] to do something".
Here are the forms:
The (*) symbol explained below

wolno mi (*) - I may
wolno ci (*) - you may
wolno mu/jemu (*) - he/it may
wolno jej (*) - she may
wolno mu (*) - he may

wolno nam (*) - we may
wolno wam (*) - you may
wolno im (*) - they may

a) for the present tense (*) needs to be replaced with an infinitive (I am allowed)
b) for the past tense (*) needs to be replaced with "bylo" + infinitive (I was allowed
c) for the future tense (*) needs to be replaced with "bedzie + infinitive (I will be allowed)

Most of the time version a use used, the other ones being rare in colloqial (colloquial is not necessarilly slang) speech

In other words:


wolno mi imprezować - I may party
wolno ci imprezować - You may party

itd.?

I can't answer that question. I am not in a poisition to contro you, so have all the fun ;)

In terms of grammar, perfect.

Dziękuję bardzo, Pan Dariuś. I don't mind if I do ;)

Seems that you know me a little by now ;)

You're welcome. I don't mind at all, and I'm glad I can help.

Now... the teacher in me... I hope you understand ;)

The thing with the first name:

Official form: Dariusz (I'd this is too official for every day speech)
Diminutive forms:

Darek (OK for anybody to use)
Daruś (affectionate)
Dareczek (mildly affectionate)

"Pan Dariuś" should be "Panie Darusiu" (vocative). "panie" + "darusiu" sounds funny, but not incorrect. Kinda tongue in cheek expression, since the diminutive and affectionate "daruś" is gently cancelled by "pan".

So, the expected forms would be:

Dziękuję bardzo, Daruś.
Dziękuję bardzo, Darusiu.
Dziękuję bardzo, Panie Darku.
Dziękuję bardzo, Panie Dariuszu.


Heck, I know you're really working hard here. And you even include such nice, and unexpected touches as "itd.?" in your post.

Signed: Daruś z Kanady :))

Co to jest?

i tak dalej, used in Polish as etc., but etc is also correct.

oops, let me add another one similar to etc:

itd - i tak dalej (and so on)
itp - i tym podobne (and the like)

Sometimes you will here people combine the two in one sentence (itp itd), much like English "and so on and so forth"

Dzieki z_d. Learned something new :)

At least I got the tongue in cheek feeling through to you - no matter how crooked!

You have helped with almost all my langauge questions so far, therefore you have become an 'old friend' (the informal part)

You are 'the teacher' (formal part) - so yes - it was meant tongue in cheek.

I'll absorb the rest of your teaching slowly so that wolono mi pamiętać następny ras.

Następny ras is without doubt not correct, but anyway ;)

Anytime.
Do następnego razu! (Till next time!)

(another tricky one, eh? Remember, Polish voiced consonant become voiceless when followed by either a voiceless one, or by silence, hence your spelling error.)

I knew that! damn! :)

Another question: where does można fit into this equation?

Panie Darku? Yoo-hooooo? are you here somewhere???? ;)

what question?the one about a party?

można+infinitive is impersonal, like English "one may" or "something is allowed".

moge imprezowac-i may go to the party
ona moze imprezowac-she may go to the party

yeah yeah rafik - nice try! ;)

you're such a nice koalah, but unfortunately imprezuję tylko z psem. ;)

(I'm sure gramatyka is again in it's .... in)

It seems that this question has been made too complicated and has become side tracked. Anyway, we have had this whole topic somewhere else not so long ago and this is just a repetition. To answer the question simply móc-to be able from which we get the verb ending mogę meaning I can do something (in a physical sense) mogę otworzyć okno and ja umiem, from the verb umieć means I have the mental ability to do something such as umiem mówić po polsku meaning that I have the mental ability to speak Polish through education. Potrafić is used again differently and I can not understand where wolno and można come in to it with the verb móc.

It has to do with what is called "semantic fields". Read up on the subject and you'll realize that all those words will be in the same symantic field (don't confuse with synonym), and therefore naturally discussed as one topic.

It is still a matter of ja mogę versus ja umiem in effect. Now semantic fields? Why make a simple question so impossibly complicated?
To know is znać or wiedzieć which is yet another totally different matter from that of the verb móc.
To answer the original question mogę jechać means that physically you are able to go and are free from other obligations at the time in question.

Umiem is similar to dam sobie radę in a mental ability to perform a task.