The victory of PiS
The better-to-do, better-educated urban classes, which had been the mainstay of the middle-of-the-road PO, became fed up with eight years of their party's rule marked by scandals, unkept promises and the same old, tired faces on the TV news. For the first time ever, PiS has not only attracted a higher percentage of young people, city-dwellers and voters with higher education than PO but has actually reversed the results of the Partitions! So far the poorer eastern and southern regions roughly coinciding with the former the Russian and Austrian partitions had been PiS' main base of support. This time only two voivodships (provinces) in northwestern Poland, part of the former German lands ceded to Poland by the Big Three Allies, supported PO, while PiS won the remaining 14.
Also, for the first time since 1989, the Sejm is free of hangers-on from the long defunct communist regime and other leftists. That means, among other things, parliament will not be hearing perennial leftist calls for same-sex marriage, abortion on demand or banning religious instruction from schools any time soon.
The now ruling conservatives are opposed to such social experimentation and believe in traditonal family values, Polish patriotism and Christian ideals. That includes more assistance for the disadvantaged. The winning camp has pledged to restore the previous retirement age of 65 for men and 60 for women which the PO-led government had raised to 67. To encourage child-bearing, the new government's benefit package will include a 500-złoty (about $130) monthly family allowance for the second and every subsequent child. To help finance its welfare spending, those now in power want heretofore privileged foreign banks and chain stores to start paying their fair share of taxes in Poland.
On the international front, the victorious conservatives oppose excessive interference in Poland's internal affairs by European Union bureaucrats and longs for a voluntary union of sovereign nations, not a "United States of Europe", ruled from the EU's Brussels headquarters. But they advocate a strong NATO alliance in dealings with Moscow and a special relationship between Warsaw and Washington in the realm of security. Since Poland's energy grid is mainly fueled by coal-fired powerplants, Warsaw opposes the EU's tougher climate-change legislation. It also opposes a large-scale Muslim refugee invasion which could lead to the terrorist infiltration of Poland.