Hmmm...This is not easy to explain because eng. grammar lacks the constructs that exist in pol. language. In Polish we declinate nouns...
---- Below is an explanation from a "staypoland" site (section polish-grammar): DECLINATION There are 7 cases and each of them can have a different ending. If we take into consideration the fact that there is a plural and singular number, there can theoretically be up to 14 grammatical endings in case of one single word. In fact, this never happens as some endings are the same and the job becomes easier by placing a given word in several noun categories that are characterized by the same endings.
AN EXAMPLE:
KOBIETA (feminine) - a woman 1. nominative KOBIETA (subject) 2. genitive KOBIETY (e.g. of woman) 3. dative KOBIECIE (e.g. to/for woman) 4. accusative KOBIETĘ (object) 5. instrumental KOBIETĄ (e.g. with woman) 6. locative KOBIECIE (e.g. about woman) 7. vocative KOBIETO!
and plural 1. KOBIETY 2. KOBIET 3. KOBIETOM 4. KOBIETY 5. KOBIETAMI 6. KOBIETACH 7. KOBIETY!
As you can see in singular dative or locative, there are irregularities like a change of the stem consonants. Some cases are used with prepositions.
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Both "ciebie" and "tobie" are 'personal pronouns'...the tough thing about them is that they have many forms based on gender, grammatical number, etc...
"Ciebie" would be in this case: accusative, and "Tobie" - dative...(if that helps at all :( )
Sorry I am not very clear...It's been many years since I took pol. grammar...
cię/ciebie = Accusative case (Biernik) ci/tobie = Dative case (Celownik)
You simply have to know in which situations Dative/Accusative are required. The noun/pronoun/adjective case depends basically on the verb and/or preposition used before it.
"Nieakcentowana i niepoprzyimkowa forma "mię" jest przestarzała, spotykamy ją głównie w starszych tekstach: Zdziwił mię tylko jeden szczegół. (M. Choromański, Zazdrość i medycyna) Ciarki przeszły mię po grzbiecie. (W. Gombrowicz, Ferdydurke) Dzbanek z półki - hyc na ziemię: "Ja nie gorszy! Poprośże mię!" (Julian Tuwim, Taniec) W staropolszczyźnie "mię" mogło być używane po przyimku, dziś w takiej pozycji nie występuje." Mirosław Bańko, "Wykłady z polskiej fleksji", Warszawa 2005, str. 79
exactly, and that means you dont use it anymore and its not correct. you can find it in poetry and literature, but it is not used in everyday language and the teacher at school will tell you it's wrong. you are so stubborn. are you 150 years old michal?
Th epost by dmshep99 is all correct and informative. For those who find it difficult to understand the difference between "ciebie" and "tobie" here's a simplified way take on those :
tobie - indicates direction as in for you, to you ciebie - indicates the object of action as in I like you, I saw you.