set up a business in Poland without a work permit or polish citizenship?
Honestly, it's a piece of cake. You just go to the relevant office in the town where you intend to register the business, it takes 15 minutes. Get a good accountant that will handle social insurance for you, as well as the formalities with the tax office. My strong advice is to find one that doesn't speak English well, as they tend to be far more honest than English speaking ones.
It's pretty much a breeze, and you won't have any problems at all.
They'll be able to show you the ropes, so to speak, of local business culture in Poland, doubtless quite different from that to which we're used:-)
One word : bollocks.
There's absolutely no need to have such a person, and setting up a single person company is about as easy as it gets. Bribery is very uncommon for small businesses, and you only need to resort to that if you want to do something like build a massive house and the local village planning officer wants a present in exchange for turning a blind eye to certain excesses.