Let's call it Małopolska :P It sounds much more appealing than "Lesser Poland" ;)
Not my fault that it's called like this in English :P
Again, I have to ask, what land?
Is it land situated next to villages, fields?
Or do you mean land in the middle of nowhere or between cities where noone lives?
I'm asking because I still don't understand entirely what you mean.
I've visited a few countries in the West, as well as Slovakia, and other parts of Poland, of course. I didn't pay any special attention to the number of farms in each country, obviously, but I think I would notice if farms and pastures were popping up everywhere covering almost all land available o_O
You write about Bieszczady - it's a mountainous area, isn't? Soil in the mountainous area is of the poorest quality as far as the arable land is concerned.
My mum told me that the soil where my grandma lives is not the best too, it's sandy and there are many hills there. When it's raining the soil is going down the hill, everything is washed out and there your crops go. As you can imagine it isn't a rich area.
If it's govt. owned why can't it be leased to farmers so that crops can be grown and herds can be grazed upon it?
Farmers would make some extra money and could increase the size of their herds/the yield from the crops they grow etc.
I have no idea who owns the land that isn't owned by anyone, my guess would be it belongs to the state.
As for leasing - I have no idea either, why don't you ask the government :P
Some of the land may be the property of national parks, especially in regions like Bieszczady, I imagine.
Sometimes you can also hear on the news that some ecologists say that there are endangered species of some insects, frogs, birds, otters, beavers, etc. and so from now on this land, meadow, swamp area, etc. is under protection and the surrounding land has to be under protection too.
Exactly, it's the total inefficiency of it that I cannot understand.........
People, Poland is years behind the West in many things so I don't understand why you think agriculture would be any different lol ;)
Of course, it's changing slowly, some farmers buy out lands and create bigger, modern farms, with modern facilities and equipment.
Of course, as usual, the problem may be money. Another problem, I suspect, may be the fact that many young people move to towns and cities. That's what my mum did and her two sisters. As you probably can imagine my grandma won't be modernising her farm and buying out land lol She had to sell all her animals except for chickens and geese, because she wasn't able to take after them anymore.
Another problem may be (but that's only my guess) is that probably it isn't easy to buy out lands because there are so many small fields that belong to different families and all of them may not be willing to sell their land. So it's rather pointless to buy one small patch of land here, and another over there, etc.
According to this article 80% of farms in Poland isn't bigger than 15 ha:
There will be money for subsidies and loans to small farms. Ministry of Agriculture is working on guidelines of the Rural Development Programme
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development is working on changes in the Rural Development Programme 2014-2020. This is related to the entry into force of the new EU budget perspective. Part of the funds allocated for agriculture will be spent differently than before. - The point, in general, is to make farms more modern and commodity - explains Kazimierz Plocke, Deputy Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development.
newseria.pl/news/beda_pieniadze_na,p1281522467
According to what I've read here the biggest complaints of small farmers (like the producers of cold cuts, sheep's milk cheeses, vegetable oils, juices and vegetables) are too complicated and unclear regulations, bureaucratic constraints and too few marketplaces:
23 April 2013. in the Senate conference "Small farmers a chance to develop local market", organized by the Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development. MPs, experts and agricultural producers discussed the possibility of the development of local agricultural markets and direct sales as an alternative to globalization and imported food.
Opening the Senate meeting, the chairman of the Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development, Senator George Chróścikowski pointed to the advantages of direct sales. Thanks to the farmer - the producer can understand the needs and expectations of the customer, as well as respond quickly to change his tastes. In turn, customers can buy cheap fresh product originating from known and reliable manufacturers and get information about the products and how they are obtained.
senat.gov.pl/aktualnosci/art,5344,konferencja-male-gospodarstwa-rolne-szansa-rozwoju-rynku-lokalnego.html
How do you know its fallow? Unused land has tree and bush growing on it, is that what you see?
And that's a good question, too, I suppose. Sometimes when we were going to visit my grandma in the countryside I would tell my mum: "Wow, what green grass!" and mum would tell me then that it wasn't grass, that it was young rye (or sth of this kind) and it simply hadn't grown yet ;)