What mean to be resident? Residence are those who only work and pay taxes? As a student I have this card named "Karta Pobytu" since I've started my study.
Resident means living there. Like I said, as a student that may not necessarily count as part of your 5 years. It depends where you come from originally and what agreements the Polish government may have with your country of origin. If you are from an EU country then studying will count towards those 5 years but it may not count from a non EU country.
Can you please refer me to official website where I can obtain such information about different definitions and citizenship procedure/possibilities for all nationalities? Thanks in advance.