The ogonek (˛) is to the left of the 1/! key and the acute accent (´) is accesed via
Alt Gr and numeral 9. No words in Polish start with Ą or Ę and only a handful with Ó (ów, ówdzie, ówczesny, ósmy...)
But sometimes you want to write something, like a headline, using capital letters only. And then it's a problem.
I have seen headlines in capitals, where ą and ę were small letters (it doesn't usually happen, because, as qwertyuiop mentioned, noone in Poland uses 214 - maybe only some people accustomed to typewriters, where it was the standard layout, and learnt to type sightlessly) - and it looks just weird.
I don't know if any company even produces keyboards with the 214 layout.
If you are a foreigner, then:
- if you are accustomed to the English or the American keyboard (or any other similiar to them), you should use the "programmer's" layout (with Polish letters under right Alt, or left Alt+Ctrl, at least in Windows - in Linux with Mate desktop that I use just now it's right Alt or left Alt, but I use the right Alt only anyway)
- if you are accustomed to the German keyboard (or any other similar), you should use the "214" vel. "typewriter's" layout
- if you are accustomed to any other keyboard layout, I recommend the "programmer's" one, since it's the standard used in Poland, actually I don't know anyone who would use the "typewriter's" keyboard and even in Germany I always switch to the "programmer's" layout, not "214", because the latter is just annoying for me. I have always used the "programmer's" layout.