iec conjugation

That division does not exist in Polish.

what my book has is;
present active,
present passive
past passive
adverbial particples
what are they?

2nd i am fine with mieć, and the conj to mam, ma, mamy. but what is the frequentative miewam. and what are determinate and indeterminate.

chaza

This is an important part of the grammar.

determinate = a specific action (jutro idziemy do kina)
indeterminate = non-specific actions/actions in general (często chodzimy do kina)

They always come in pairs. This is an example with the pair iść/chodzić .


There are so many other things that you should focus on than these details.
I have told you so many times to focus on the basic things. But you are not listening, and then I can't help you, sorry.

ok, thanks for your help.

chaza

These are called imiesłowy in Polish - imiesłów czynny (-ący) and imiesłów bierny (-ny).

Example: widzieć - widzący - widziany

Differently than the forms - ing and -ed in English, these are not used to form tenses.

Examples of use:
człowiek idący po drugiej stronie ulicy - the man (who is) walking on the other side of the street
list napisany po angielsku - a letter written in English - this one is used to form passive voice. But passive voice in Polish is less common than in English.


present active - ja piszę list - I am writing a letter
present passive - list jest pisany - the letter is being written
past passive - list był pisany - the letter was written


mam - I have something (now)
miewam - I have something sometimes, now and again, not in a continuous manner
Example: Miewam czasem bóle głowy - I have headaches now and again.
But you may also say: mam czasem bóle głowy.

thanks for that strzyga
you may have read how im not listening to advice, on the contrary i am studying hard with the basics as i agree thats where i have to start. but i cant ignore the questions that i come across even though they may be too advanced for me just yet. i dont mean to disrespect any advisor on here, if i have a question like the indeterminates, cxhances are i wont undertsand them, but it puts to rest the question for now. i had a problem with jeść turns into jad when conjugated. i cant see how that is for the life in me, and have just accepted thats the way it is, and get used to it. that is fine now, but at least the enquiry has been satisfied. i still have several questions in certain areas to go yet, but as i am being told i am going with the basics and digesting how they go together.

thanks for everything

chaza

I hear you, Chaza. Nothing wrong with asking questions and I understand just where you're coming from. Some of the questions you ask are actually quite advanced and you're not able to make use of the answers yet, but at least you know where to place a particular piece of the puzzle. In time it will gradually build up into a structure and help you see the whole of the language.

I think my mind works in a similar way to yours, I too need to see a broader picture first, even if its a very vague vision, and then I can concentrate on specific parts - but I need to know where they go, which part of the structure I'm working at.

On the other hand, being a native I probably don't realize well enough which parts of the Polish grammar are most problematic for foreigners and which are truly essential. And here the advice of others comes useful - those who have learnt Polish as second or third language can give you practical hints as to what's important for a beginner and what is not.

Anyway, you're determined, and I see you're making progress. So keep up the good work. Bit by bit, it will all come into place :)

im glad some one undertsands my difficult position, i will continue asking questions, if i dont get an answer, then it will become clearer later. even now some of the basics are still not sat right but at least i understand.

thanks for your comments

chaza

my book is set out like below for these (imperfect) imperative words, which i understand to be like a command, ie go! start!
but what i am coming up with dont make sense, i get them to mean, lets get dressed, they all get dressed.
------------------ubierajmy
ubieraj ----------- ubierajcie
niech ubiera ------niech ubierają

chaza

yes, these are commands

ubierajmy - let's dress
ubieraj - dress (its singular - command given to one person)
ubierajcie - dress (plural - said do more than one person)
niech ubiera - let him/her dress
niech ubierają - let them dress

so would i be right is saying that they all will follow this line;
let's ....
let him/her

and the perfect would be
let's get dressed
let him/her get dressed

chaza

yes


it would be perfective ubrać, as opposed to imperfective ubierać:

ubierz się
ubierzcie się
ubierzmy się...

With "się" it means: let's dress ourselves, let him dress himself etc.
Without się it's about dressing something/somebody else:
Dress the child - Ubierz dziecko
Put ornaments on the Christmas tree - Ubierz choinkę

can i have some clarity on the particples also please;

pres. acc ubierający
pres..pass ubieranny
adv part ubierając
past pass ubrany

and like before they will all follow the same rules.

I'm not sure about the present/past part.
Anyway, there are two verbs:
ubierać (imperfective) and ubrać (perfective)

and the participles:
ubierać - ubierający (active adj.) - ubierając (active adv,) - ubierany (passive)
ubrać - no active participle - ubrany (passive)

so yes, you've got the forms right, except for ubierany, which is spelled with one "n".

can just say thank for the words of encouragment i saw on another posting, it really made me glad that i was getting somewhere. the question that was asked was easy really.

i have another self test if you could just say right or wrong please;

I was walking down the road when I fell into a hole. I called out help, but nobody could hear me
Chodziłem w dł droga kiedy upadłem do dziura wywołałem pomagaj ale nikt mgłyby słuchaj mj

The day was bright, the sun was hot, I laid on the beach and got burnt
Dzien naz pogodny, słońce naz gorący połoźyłem na plaża i dostawaj spalić się

chaza

Everything is hard until it becomes easy :)


Szedłem drogą i wpadłem w dziurę. Wołałem o pomoc, ale nikt mnie nie słyszał.

Some hints:
English "up/down the road/street" translates just as "drogą/ulicą". We don't do the up/down stuff.

English "can hear, can see" etc. translates just as "widzieć, słyszeć" - we don't do the "can" stuff.


Dzień był pogodny, słońce gorące (or: grzało mocno), leżałem/położyłem się na plaży i spaliłem się.

One more thing that we don't do in Polish is the "get xxxed" stuff. The process of getting xxxed is usually included in the verb itself, here - spalić się.

What is "naz"?

You obviously still make mistakes, but the sentences are understandable.

thanks. i really am gratefull for your help. the word naz is a word i have for 'was' but i also have był. obviously its wrong.

at least its coming together somewhat!
i'll digest what you have said and try again later.

regards
chaza

This is really quite an interesting question. In the Polish language most infinitives end with -ć (and I really can't tell why some of them do end with -eć and others with -ać or -ść) but what I know is that only a few end with -c, (the ones in which a velar consonant 'k' or 'g' occurs in their conjugation) (for example: verb to be able to - móc, I am able to - mogę, to help - pomóc, I help - pomagam, to say - rzec, he said - rzekł). This rule became a standard due to phonetic changes made during the proto-Slavic and Old Polish periods. Temporarily, in the nineteenth century, the trend occured to change the ending -c into -dz so the forms listed above would be spelled módz, pomódz, rzedz etc (Just like it happens with nouns, 'k' and 'g' changes into 'dz': leg - Nominative singular: noga - Dative singular: nodze; Nominative singular: droga - Dative singular: drodze etc). This tendency didn't last long and ended before 1918 since it was not justified in the historical development of the language - the infinitive's ending never goes into phonological alternation with the subject of the verb, this is how we know it is completely independent morpheme. Hence the standard of the nineteenth century was forgotten.