"Gdybym" - meanings and a grammar question about the letters 'z' and 'i

Tak jest
Gdybym

Also, what are the letters 'z' and 'i' used for on their own? (Like as one letter words)

Thankyou :)

And the letters 'o' 'a' and 'w' (what do they mean as stand alone letters)

z- with
i- and
o- about for ex. I think about
a - more less it means "but", "and", "while", "whereas" - the most common meaning
w- in

z on its' own can also be 'from' 'out of'

At one point they were distinct words but they became homophones. They're distinguished by the following case

z + instrumental (the noun will end in -em or ą, -mi, -ami) = with

z + genetive (the noun will end in -a, -u, -i, -y, ów (among others) = from

z Warszawą (with Warsaw)

z Warszawy (from Warsaw)

tak jest = it is so, that's the way it is (also used as 'yes sir' in the military and police

gdybym = if I (do/did something)

there is also

"u" - u Basi (at Basia's place.)

That's new for me (the usage in the military/police) - good to know :)