Language / University of Pittsburgh - Online English-Polish Dictionary [3]

Hi

Can anyone please tell me what is going on with the online dictionary as per subject? This is a superb online dictionary and has NOT been accessible for the past two weeks, at least... Is it still being upgraded or is it still undergoing maintenance?

Thank you in advance for any relevant information.

czarnykot

Language / study, studies and studying - 'nauka' and 'studia' [4]

In the Collins Polish-English/English-Polish dictionary, ISBN 83-7066-661-2, is the following entry:

studi/a (-ów) pl (nauka na uczelni) studies pl; (praca badawcza) research

When I used to communicate with young Polish people about to take their matura I used the word nauka when talking about their studies or their studying. A former liceum pupil, a very good friend now, is presently attending Politechnika Krakowska, studying Biomedical Engineering. When I write in Polish and ask her 'Jak ze studiów?' she tells me off and says I ought to write 'Jak z nauki?' She says I ought to use the word nauka when asking about her studies.

I am confused! In England, once pupils have reached the age of 15, we tend to call them students. But such pupils/students in Poland are referred to as uczniowie. In Poland, during language summer camps, I was told not to refer to them as studenci, this term being reserved for someone who is studying at university. This distinction I understand. But ...

Could someone please tell me when to use nauka, and when to use studia? At university in Poland, and among Polish university students are the words nauka and studia interchangeable or not?

Thanking in advance any person/all persons who reply to this request :-)

Language / To make someone blush - how to express it in Polish? [4]

Hi! How would a native Polish speaker translate the expression to make someone blush; to make someone go red, with the sense of embarrassing someone? Is the expression something like sprawić kogoś, źe się rumienić? Please correct the following sentence:

Yesterday my boyfriend's audacious comment made me blush = Wczoraj śmiała uwaga mojego chłopaka sprawiła, że się zarumieniłam
Thank you in advance for your help (Dzięki z góry za pomoc)

Language / to be substituted (with reference to football) [7]

Hi there! I'm struggling to find the correct way of saying the following sentences in Polish:

He will be substituted in 10 minutes...
He has just been substituted...
He was substituted because of injury...
Player no. 9 was substituted by Player no. 17
The Manager substituted him with another player

In a football context I think the correct verb to use is zmieniać / zmienić and NOT zastępować / zastąpić...

I'd be really grateful if a Polish football fanatic :-) could help me with these sentences... Many thanks in advance... Maybe in Polish a passive construction is not used... Maybe Poles have a completely different way of expressing the above sentences...

Pozdrawiam
czarnykot

Language / Meaning of 'Podtopione' please [7]

Podtopione - I see this word used a lot in weather reports. Today there is a headline from twojapogoda.pl/ - Podtopione osiedle Kozanów we Wrocławiu - Powódź w Polsce relacja na żywo. I have been unable to find the meaning of this word, but from context I guess it is something like undercut or land slippage, but not as bad as a landslide. Please could a kind Polish person explain the meaning of Podtopione and give an accurate translation in English. Also please give any derivatives of Podtopione if they exist, especially the verbs. Many thanks in advance - czarnykot