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Posts by solaris783  

Joined: 21 Jan 2014 / Male ♂
Last Post: 22 Feb 2014
Threads: Total: 4 / In This Archive: 3
Posts: Total: 7 / In This Archive: 4
From: los angeles
Speaks Polish?: a little bit

Displayed posts: 7
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solaris783   
21 Jan 2014
Language / rules for genetive declension of female nouns ending in 'a' [8]

I'll preface this by saying that it's been difficult gathering the rules of declension. Most sources like books, websites, and course materials give an incomplete abbreviated version. If anyone has a source with a complete set of *every rule* for declension, please let me know. I know a lot of them are special cases, but it would be good to have the non-special case rules.

Here's what I've gathered thus far:
SINGULAR: if the second to last letter is...
k, g, j, or l then the declension ends in an i:
dziewczynka -> dwiewczynki
droga -> drogi
kolacja -> kolacji
koszula -> koszuli
If the second to last letter is 'i', just drop the 'a' for domestic words...
kawiarnia -> kawiarni
...and add an extra 'i' for foreign-derived words:
harmonia -> harmonii
For all other second to last letters, use a 'y':
eg, koperta -> koperty

PLURAL:
If the second to last letter is a 'k' then the ending becomes 'ek':
dziewczynka -> dziewczynek
This one I'm vague on, but the examples I've looked at all seem to pan out:
if the word ends in 'cza' then it ends in a 'y' (and equal to singular genetive):
pomarańcza -> pomarańczy
In foreign-derived words where the second to last letter is an 'i', you add an extra 'i' (and equal to singular genetive):
harmonia -> harmonii
if the word ends in 'oga', you make it 'óg':
droga -> dróg
In all other cases, you omit the last letter:
kawiarnia -> kawiarni
koszula -> koszul

Does this sound complete? Anything I'm missing? Thanks in advance!

I'll add that I'm doing this because I'm writing a program to help me with Polish. As I'm reading srories, lessons, news, etc, I can highlight a any word and the program would give me the meaning of the word, which declension is being used, and why. Don't know if it will be useful to anyone else after I'm further along but for now it's an interesting hobby :)

Information is so spread out about Polish. I just wanted other people's input. For example, the words ending in 'cza' becoming 'czy' is one rule I don't see written anywhere.
solaris783   
22 Jan 2014
Language / rules for genetive declension of female nouns ending in 'a' [8]

Hey Paulina, thanks for the reply. I'm curious, what is covered in Polish grammar as you're going through school (primary, secondary, high school)?

I'm adding feminine words not ending in 'a':

Singular and Plural for these cases are always the same.

If it ends in ć, ń, ni, ź, l, ś, then add an 'i' and ending accented letters lose their accent:
czerwień -> czerwieni
nowość -> nowości
myśl -> myśli
łódź -> łodzi

If the first vowel before then ending consonant is an 'ó', it also loses its accent:
łódź ->łodzi
sól -> soli
* note that 'ł' counts as a vowel in regards to this rule (żółć becomes żółci -> 'ó' stays intact)

Exceptional case: ending 'ieś' becomes 'si'
wieś -> wsi

If it ends in cz, rz, c, ż, then add a 'y'
twarz ->twarzy
podróż -> podróży
moc -> mocy

** went through a ten thousand word dictionary noting all cases I saw...whew!
solaris783   
22 Jan 2014
Language / rules for genetive declension of female nouns ending in 'a' [8]

wow, thanks cinek! I thought I did a fair amount of research into online dictionaries but didn't find one that did what you're saying. I'll try it out...

I feel finding / writing all the rules of declension is helping me learn at the moment. Over time I can get an intuitive feel for it (I hope :)
solaris783   
8 Mar 2014
Language / How to say 'more' in various contexts [9]

The way it was explained to me, więcej can be used for 'more quantity' and 'bardziej' as 'more size', but the use seems inconsistent to me in real life. If I'm getting almonds at a kiosk, and the seller scoops a bit, but I want a more, do i use więcej? Someone pours me some water but i want more? Someone cuts me a piece of cake but I want more? If i want to say I now make more money? If I want to say that want more optimism from you? People in France are more elegant? The ice here is more slippery? I am more sick?

In real life I keep finding myself being corrected, not understanding the logic.
solaris783   
8 Mar 2014
Language / How to say 'more' in various contexts [9]

Thanks Magdalena!

Would it sound awkward to always use 'bardziej' rather than the comparative form of adjectives/adverbs? i.e. "Bardziej długo" rather than "dłużej".