Language /
"TO" or "ONO" / "i je je"? [20]
"To" definitely does have several uses in Polish, while these are not necessarily compatible in English.
Your example "TO jest prezentEM dla kolegi." = THIS is a present for your co-worker. is correct, however, "TO" can also be used as a so-called 'dummy subject' in Polish, usually not translated into English, for instance:
"Mówić TO srebro, milczyć TO złoto." = Silence is golden.
Literally aka word-for word, "To speak, it silver, to be silent, it gold." makes little sense in English, or at best, sounds terribly awkward:-)
Other times, "TO" can mean "it", e.g. "TO jest ważne być czujny." = IT's important to be vigilant. etc..
Sometimes in Polish, distinctions between "this" and "that" are not as straightforward as in English, simply because Polish has no definite article "the" or indefinite article(s) "a" and "an"!