I am looking for some advice on how to best start this process, should I apply for a visa to work in Poland and try to get a job, or should I try to finish my schooling and apply for a student visa and try to go to a university there before searching for employment?
If you marry her then that's not a problem. Without that you need some permission but that's not impossible to get. University... honestly I doubt that any here will recognize that and let you get degree here faster. Job ? There always... teaching English.