If I may ask another question,
Dogs in Poland:
Most dogs kept in the countryside are medium to large and half pet half guard dog. It's not unusual to see some of these dogs on a long chain or roaming about in the garden of the property. Some can be seen wandering up and down the village street. I don't have a high opinion concerning the treatment, or lack of it, of these dogs.
City dogs: There is a fashion for certain breeds, which I've noticed over a number of years.
These days many of the larger breeds can be seen taking part in obedience training sessions. Although that doesn't by any means mean that the majority of owners take their pet to classes.
So I guess that most dog owners in Poland raise their pets by using the same methods as used elsewhere in pet loving countries. The difference here is the choice of breed.