It is not like coal-mining does not destroy the environment either.
Indeed. Brace yourselves for the next Polish environmental controversy of Govt vs nature (which is how it's being framed internationally, on the back of the Bialowieza disgrace). This is from a news release today:
"Coal mining poses new threat to Aquatic Warbler [one of the most threatened birds in Europe, a bit like a Polish Panda]
A fresh threat to breeding Aquatic Warblers has emerged in Poland's Polesie National Park.
Aquatic Warbler, which is categorised as Vulnerable to Global Extinction on the IUCN Red List, is particularly affected by hydrological changes, including to wetland habitats. The species' global population decreased by more than 90 per cent during the 20th century, and there are currently only 10,200-13,800 singing males left on Earth, breeding in an area of 600 square miles. Now, potential coal mining within a few miles of Bubnów Marsh in Polesie National Park, is putting the species under further threat.
Bubnów Marsh, close to the Polish-Ukrainian-Belarus border, is one of the largest calcareous fen mires in Europe. It is a significant wetland area that survived drainage during the communist era. The marsh is protected by the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands, is an Important Bird and Biodiversity Area, a Cross-border Biosphere Reserve (Polesie Zachodnie) and a Natura 2000 area. In 2014, 389 singing male Aquatic Warblers were found at the marsh, representing between 3 and 4 per cent of the global population.
The Chief Geologist in Poland has approved a concession for a company that is planning construction of a coal mine near the marsh. In May 2017, during proceedings of the scientific council of Polesie NP, a representative of the company that carried out the exploratory drilling presented the prospects for future coal mining in the vicinity of the marsh. The company plans to dig for coal for approximately 10 years, with local councils and government representatives involved in lobbying in favour of construction of the new mine.
Conservationists have suggested that ecotourism could be a viable alternative source of income in the local area. The National Park was visited by some 44,000 tourists in 2016, and Urszulin Commune, which includes the park, receives grants from the European Union for the promotion and development of tourist infrastructure. They have pointed out that coal mining will have a negative impact on this valuable wetland ecosystem, potentially resulting in the loss of habitats and rare species, including Aquatic Warbler. Mining could also result in the reduction of tourism and a loss of income that would help improve the development of tourism and recreation."
Nuclear probably offers the best future energy for Poland, or more efficient solar, as it has the space but doesn't have the sun (and snow would be a major problem). It doesn't have reliable wind. Gas is too politically unpredictable, coal is too dirty (smog) and liable to future carbon penalties, although it could maybe invest in cleaner coal (trapping emissions underground). I'm not sure about geothermal, and hydroelectric is expensive and probably not suited the rivers and landscape.
With nuclear, building them would be expensive, if done properly, but Poland has vast areas where it could permanently store (i.e. bury and forget) about the waste - UK has used that technology for 50 years. People got skittish about nuclear after Fukushima, including Germany who inexplicably decommissioned their successful plants as a result - that made no sense as Fukushima is built in a tectonically active area, whereas Germany and Poland are about as stable (safe) as anywhere on Earth. The German decision was political (perceived 'greening') rather than scientific or economic. France could build plants in Poland, which would be the natural choice due to historic ties. Although the French might not be keen after the helicopter fiasco. If Poland looked east (China, Russia technology) it would be a huge risk. I'm sure China would leap at the chance, though, but their infrastructure is too young to know if it's reliable. And you really do NOT want a state like China having access to your energy infrastructure.